What each year added up to: salary, plus outside income, royalties, endorsements, prizes and investment income where a source reports them. A financial disclosure gives ranges, shown as such.
Securities trades disclosed under the STOCK Act in periodic transaction reports. A report gives each amount as a range, never an exact figure, and members may file up to 45 days after a trade, so this is never live. Each row links to the filing it was read from.
Purchases33
Sales6
Reported value$158K – $620K
Health, weight and religion appear only where the person, their physician or a reputable outlet has published them; each links to its source.
What the campaign raised and spent each election cycle, where the money came from, the PACs that gave most, and the other candidates in the same race with their totals. Figures are the Federal Election Commission's, through the date shown; a cycle's vote share appears once the FEC has the result.
One octagon for each phase of the life of William Keating. Each of the eight axes is scored 0 to 5 against a written rubric from documented evidence, with its source; an axis without evidence is a gap, not a zero. There is no total and no ideal shape: it is a profile, not a ranking. Appearance and personality are not axes, because they cannot be scored from evidence.
OverviewGenerated from documented data: the office held, income against IRS percentiles, the highest recorded degree, and the reviewed legal record. Axes with no documented evidence are left out.
No total and no ideal shape: a longer spoke means more of that axis, so a long Misconduct spoke is more documented misconduct.
Scores, rubric and sources
01Education4 of 5
Medium confidenceHighest recorded degree: B.A. (1974) and M.B.A. (1982), Boston College; J.D., Suffolk University Law School (1985).[2]Highest attainment by then: 1 secondary school, 2 some college, 3 bachelor's degree, 4 master's or professional degree, 5 doctorate.
02Wealth2 of 5
Medium confidenceDocumented income of $174,000 in 2026 is in the top 25% of US returns by adjusted gross income (IRS, tax year 2022, as tabulated by the Tax Foundation). Income, not net worth.[3]Net worth or income against the national thresholds of the time: 1 below the median household, 3 top 5%, 5 top 0.1%.
03Position3 of 5
High confidenceUnited States Representative from Massachusetts's 9th congressional district: a national legislator for a district.[1]Scope of the role held: 1 entry level, 3 senior manager or legislator, 5 head of state or government, or the top role of a major institution.
04Public standingNo evidence
Public approval or favourability where it was measured: 1 under 20%, 3 35 to 50%, 5 over 65%.
05HealthNo evidence
Documented health where an examination or disclosure exists: 5 no documented concern, 1 a serious documented condition.
06MisconductNo evidence
The documented legal and ethics record within the phase, as in the misconduct meter: 0 none documented, 1 only matters resolved in their favour, 2 an open matter, 3 one finding, 4 two or three, 5 four or more. More is more documented misconduct.
07Social goodNo evidence
Assessed effects of what they did in the phase on health, safety, education, rights and the environment, from official statistics or peer-reviewed evidence: 0 clearly harmful, 2.5 mixed, 5 clearly beneficial.
08Economic goodNo evidence
Assessed effects of what they did in the phase on efficiency, growth and fiscal sustainability, from CBO and peer-reviewed evidence, as in the good-for-society reading: 0 clearly harmful, 2.5 mixed, 5 clearly beneficial.
Sources3
Every statement about William Keating on this page comes from the wiki behind it, which cites each fact to the numbered source it was read from. Read the wiki
