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Nature's own page for the article gives citation_online_date 2021/07/15 and shows "15 July 2021", and Wikipedia[2][3] says the same: "On 15 July 2021, the AlphaFold 2 paper was published in Nature as an advance access publication alongside open source software and a searchable database of species proteomes." The print issue is dated August 2021.
Dates the Nature[1] paper and the open-sourcing, and gives the competition record behind it: AlphaFold 1 placed first at CASP13 in December 2018, "particularly successful at predicting the most accurate structures for targets rated as most difficult".
The problem the paper largely solved, for what was previously required - crystallography, cryo-EM and NMR - and why a computational answer changes the economics.[1]
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