Pins matching United Kingdom

A new 4.7% ABV British lager brewed in Burton upon Trent with British barley. The revived Black Label name identifies a distinct new UK product, launched March 16.

Jonathan Dodgson Carr founds a small bakery and biscuit factory in Carlisle, pioneering mass biscuit production. The site is still operating today as a McVitie's factory, the world's oldest continually-running biscuit works.

With more than 500 dead in ten days around Golden Square, John Snow persuaded the parish to remove the handle from the Broad Street water pump. He had mapped the deaths house by house and found them clustered on one well - the argument that cholera travelled in water, not air.

John Murray issues the first edition of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection from 50 Albemarle Street in London. The print run of 1,250 copies is taken up by the trade on the day of publication.

The Metropolitan Railway opened between Paddington and Farringdon on January 10, 1863, the world's first underground railway and the ancestor of every metro system shown in Moving Millions Every Day.

The Forth Bridge, a railway cantilever spanning the Firth of Forth in Scotland, was formally opened by the Prince of Wales on 4 March 1890, some months after the structure itself was finished in November 1889. Designed by John Fowler and Benjamin Baker and built by Sir William Arrol & Co., it was Britain's first major all-steel structure and the world's longest cantilever bridge span.

Arthur Eddington presents the results of the May 1919 eclipse expeditions to Principe and Sobral at a joint session of the Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society at Burlington House. The measured deflection of starlight matches Einstein's prediction, and the meeting accepts it.

Terry's of York launched the Chocolate Orange in 1932, a ball of orange-flavored chocolate in 20 whackable segments, which Which? says still reaches around 9 million UK households a year.

Alan Turing submits "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem" to the London Mathematical Society. It defines the abstract machine that became the model for every computer built since, and proves the Entscheidungsproblem undecidable.

BOAC’s G-ALYP took off from London for Johannesburg with fare-paying passengers, the first scheduled jetliner service in the world. Comet flights were about twice as fast as advanced piston airliners and cut London–Johannesburg to 21 hours 20 minutes.

Nature carries Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid, the paper in which Francis Crick and James Watson describe the double helix. It runs to two pages and settles how genetic instructions are held and passed on.

On 29 November 1962 the British and French governments signed a treaty in London to build a supersonic airliner together, sharing work, cost and sales equally. The agreement, with no escape clause, started the programme that became Concorde.

British United Airways flew the BAC One-Eleven's first revenue service from Gatwick to Genoa on 9 April 1965, putting the British short-haul jet into airline use eight months before the Douglas DC-9.

Twix, a biscuit topped with caramel and coated in milk chocolate, first went on sale in the United Kingdom in 1967 from Mars's Slough factory; it reached the US a little over a decade later.

Concorde 002, G-BSST, took off from Filton near Bristol on 9 April 1969 with Brian Trubshaw at the controls and landed at RAF Fairford, five weeks after French prototype 001 first flew.

On 23 May 1974 Air France began scheduled A300 operations, premiering the first twin-engine wide-body airliner on its Paris to London Heathrow trunk route with two round trips.

Lyons Bakery's purpose-built plant in Carlton, South Yorkshire opens as the largest bakery in Europe, and starts baking what becomes the Mr Kipling cake range under later owner Manor Bakeries.

Georges Köhler and César Milstein report in Nature that fusing an antibody-producing cell with a myeloma cell yields a line that secretes a single antibody indefinitely. Monoclonal antibodies become the basis of the modern biologics industry.

In 1976 Whitbread secured a licence to brew the Belgian pilsner Stella Artois under contract in the UK, the start of a British-brewed Stella whose UK strength was 4.8% from 2008 until it was cut to 4.6% in 2020.

British Airways and Air France began scheduled Concorde flights on 21 January 1976, London-Bahrain and Paris-Rio de Janeiro via Dakar, the world's first supersonic airline service.

The prototype Short 360 (SD3-60), the stretched 36-seat development of the Short 330, flew for the first time on 1 June 1981, leading to type certification on 3 September 1981 and airline service in November 1982.

The driverless Docklands Light Railway opens to passengers, giving London's redeveloping docklands a low-cost automated metro built largely on disused rail viaducts.

On 16 August 1989 Qantas' first Boeing 747-400, VH-OJA City of Canberra, flew non-stop from London Heathrow to Sydney in 20 hours 9 minutes, setting FAI distance and speed records. It landed with under 900 kg of fuel to spare.

The $15BN Channel Tunnel opened, linking Britain to mainland Europe by rail for the first time since the last Ice Age, after six years of construction under the English Channel.