Chronopin: tarikh keluaran, acara dan tarikh penting lain yang akan datang

Pada 1821, pemilik tanah Marco Borrini dan ahli perniagaan Perancis Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Henraux menubuhkan syarikat marmar Henraux di Apuan Alps, Tuscany. Ia masih mengusahakan kuari Monte Altissimo yang pertama kali dibuka oleh Michelangelo pada tahun 1500-an dan ditunjukkan dalam Stone Men.

The oldest restaurant still operating in the United States opened on 7 October 1826 as the Atwood & Bacon Oyster House, in a Union Street building already old at the time. Its semicircular oyster bar is the original, and Daniel Webster is said to have worked through brandy and oysters at it daily.

Jonathan Dodgson Carr mengasaskan kedai roti dan kilang biskut kecil di Carlisle, merintis pengeluaran biskut besar-besaran. Tapak itu masih beroperasi hari ini sebagai kilang McVitie's, kilang biskut tertua di dunia yang beroperasi berterusan.

Café Kranzler opened on Unter den Linden in 1834 and became the Berlin coffeehouse. Destroyed in the war, it was rebuilt on the Kurfürstendamm, where its red-and-white striped rotunda survives as a listed landmark of West Berlin's reconstruction.

Antoine Alciatore opened his restaurant on 3 April 1840 in the French Quarter, and it has been run by his descendants ever since - the oldest family-run restaurant in the United States. Oysters Rockefeller were invented in its kitchen, and the recipe has never been published.

The Bewley family began dealing tea in Dublin in 1840, having broken the East India Company's grip on the trade by shipping direct from China, and the cafés followed. The Grafton Street room, with its Harry Clarke windows and open fires, became the city's front parlour.

Pada 16 April 1853, Great Indian Peninsula Railway menjalankan keretapi penumpang pertama di India dan Asia, membawa kira-kira 400 tetamu sejauh kira-kira 34km dari Bori Bunder di Bombay ke Thane.

Dengan lebih 500 maut dalam sepuluh hari di sekitar Golden Square, John Snow memujuk paroki menanggalkan pemegang pam air Broad Street. Beliau telah memetakan kematian rumah demi rumah dan mendapati ia berkelompok pada satu perigi - hujah bahawa taun merebak melalui air, bukan udara.

Washington's oldest saloon dates itself to 1856 and has moved premises more than once, ending up a block from the White House. Its oyster bar and dark wood booths have fed enough administrations that the taxidermy over the bar is said to have been shot by Theodore Roosevelt.

Café Tortoni first opened in 1858, started by a French immigrant who named it after a Paris cafe, and became the room where Buenos Aires argued about itself - Borges, Gardel and Rubinstein among the regulars whose likenesses now sit at its tables. It still trades on Avenida de Mayo with its original marble, mirrors and tango cellar.

The coffeehouse on Vörösmarty tér opened in 1858 and grew into one of the largest and grandest in Europe, its rooms panelled and chandeliered on a scale that belongs to the Habsburg city. It gave its name to the Gerbeaud slice and remains the fixture by which Budapest's café tradition is measured.

John Murray menerbitkan edisi pertama On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection karya Charles Darwin dari 50 Albemarle Street di London. Cetakan sebanyak 1,250 naskhah diambil oleh pihak perdagangan pada hari penerbitan.

Tai Ping Koon was established in 1860 serving Western food to Chinese diners, and in doing so more or less invented the genre Hong Kong calls soy-sauce Western - Swiss chicken wings in a sweet soy braise, baked pork chop rice, souffle to finish. It began in Canton and became a Hong Kong business alone when the Canton branch was confiscated and closed in 1956.

Metropolitan Railway dibuka antara Paddington dan Farringdon pada 10 Januari 1863, keretapi bawah tanah pertama di dunia dan nenek moyang setiap sistem metro yang ditunjukkan dalam Moving Millions Every Day.

Quanjude opened in 1864 and made its name on a method: hanging the ducks in an open oven over fruitwood rather than closing them in, which crisps the skin differently. The dish it standardised is the one the world now calls Peking duck, and the carving at the table is part of it.

Semasa Exposition Universelle 1867, Paris membuka rangkaian pembetung Baron Haussmann yang baru dibina semula kepada lawatan awam buat kali pertama, menjadikan kejuruteraan Eugène Belgrand sebagai paparan sivik.

Kertas Dmitri Mendeleev The Dependence between the Properties of the Atomic Weights of the Elements dibacakan kepada Russian Chemical Society di St Petersburg, menyusun unsur-unsur yang diketahui mengikut berat atom dan valens serta meninggalkan jurang untuk unsur yang belum ditemui.

Leopold Cafe was founded in Colaba in 1871 by Irani immigrants, part of the wave of Zoroastrian cafes that shaped how Bombay eats out, and has outlasted almost all of them. It became a fixture for travellers along the Causeway, and was one of the sites attacked in November 2008 - it reopened days afterwards and kept the bullet marks in its walls.

Jambatan Brooklyn New York dibuka kepada orang ramai, menamatkan usaha pembinaan 13 tahun yang diketuai Emily Warren Roebling sehingga siap selepas suaminya hilang upaya akibat penyakit nyahmampatan.

Letupan ketiga pada 27 Ogos 1883 memusnahkan lebih 70% pulau itu dan kekal sebagai bunyi paling kuat dalam sejarah yang direkodkan, kedengaran di Perth dan berhampiran Mauritius. Letusan dan tsunaminya membunuh sekurang-kurangnya 36,417 orang.

The Doyle family began selling fish on the sand at Watsons Bay in 1885, looking back across the harbour at the city, and the business has stayed in the family for five generations - one of the oldest restaurants in Australia still run by the people whose name is on it.

Istana dongeng Bavaria yang belum siap, dibina untuk Raja Ludwig II dan ditinggalkan tidak lengkap apabila baginda tiba-tiba mangkat, dibuka kepada pelawat berbayar buat kali pertama.

Presiden Grover Cleveland merasmikan figura kuprum monumental karya Frédéric Bartholdi di Bedloe's Island, menamatkan sedekad pengumpulan dana dan kejuruteraan Perancis-Amerika.

Selepas berdekad-dekad pembiayaan terhenti dan perubahan batu yang kelihatan di tengah batangnya, Monumen Washington akhirnya membuka pintunya kepada pelawat pada 1888.

Firma kejuruteraan Gustave Eiffel menyiapkan Menara Eiffel di Paris selepas lebih dua tahun pembinaan, dibina sebagai gerbang masuk Exposition Universelle 1889. Menara kekisi besi 300 meter itu ialah struktur buatan manusia tertinggi di dunia ketika itu.

Jambatan Forth, jambatan julur kereta api yang merentangi Firth of Forth di Scotland, dirasmikan secara rasmi oleh Putera Wales pada 4 Mac 1890, beberapa bulan selepas struktur itu siap pada November 1889. Direka oleh John Fowler dan Benjamin Baker dan dibina oleh Sir William Arrol & Co., ia struktur keluli sepenuhnya pertama yang utama di Britain dan rentang jambatan julur terpanjang di dunia.

Henry Zietz opened the Buckhorn Exchange on 17 November 1893 across from the rail yards, and it holds Colorado liquor licence number one. The walls carry several hundred mounted animals and the menu still runs to elk, buffalo and rattlesnake.

Confeitaria Colombo opened in 1894 and fitted itself out like a Parisian tea room transplanted to the tropics - Belgian mirrors, Italian marble, a jacaranda counter and a stained-glass skylight over the hall. It became the meeting room of Rio's belle epoque and is now listed as heritage.

The café that became the meeting room of Catalan modernisme opened on 12 June 1897 in the Casa Martí, a Puig i Cadafalch building in the Gothic Quarter. It lasted only six years in its first run, but in them it hosted Picasso's first solo exhibition and the circle around Rusiñol and Casas - and he drew its menu card.

On 28 August 1898 New Bern, North Carolina, pharmacist Caleb Bradham renamed his carbonated "Brad's Drink" as Pepsi-Cola, the name from which PepsiCo takes its own.

Marie dan Pierre Curie mengumumkan radium kepada French Academy of Sciences di Paris, lima hari selepas mengasingkannya daripada bijih pitchblende yang dilombong di Jachymov. Ia unsur kedua yang mereka kenal pasti pada tahun itu, selepas polonium.

Laluan pertama Metro Paris dibuka kepada orang ramai pada 19 Julai 1900, berjalan antara Porte Maillot dan Porte de Vincennes.

Taufan Kategori 4 mendorong gelombang ribut setinggi lebih 15 kaki merentasi Pulau Galveston, membunuh antara 6,000 dan 12,000 orang. Ia kekal sebagai bencana alam paling membawa maut dalam sejarah Amerika Syarikat.

Tentera Laut AS mentauliahkan USS Holland (SS-1), yang direka oleh jurutera Irish-Amerika John Philip Holland, menjadi kapal selam pertama dalam barisan kapal selam Tentera Laut AS yang tidak terputus.

The house that made xiaolongbao a Shanghai export was established in 1900, selling the thin-skinned soup dumplings that had been developed in Nanxiang town on the city's edge a couple of decades earlier. Queues for them became a fixture of the old city, and the name is now on branches across Shanghai and abroad.

Theatercaféen opened in 1900 across the street from Oslo's National Theatre and became the room where Norwegian actors, writers and politicians ate after curtain - a Viennese-style café with a gallery, caricatures of its regulars on the walls and live music from a balcony.

On 16 June 1903 in Detroit Henry Ford and a group of investors signed the incorporation papers for Ford Motor Company; the filing reached the Michigan Secretary of State the next day and the first Model A order followed within a month.

Orville Wright terbang 120 kaki dalam 12 saat di atas pasir di Kill Devil Hills, penerbangan berterusan pertama oleh pesawat lebih berat daripada udara yang berawak, berkuasa dan terkawal. Dua beradik itu terbang empat kali pada hari itu; penerbangan keempat dan terakhir Wilbur meliputi 852 kaki dalam 59 saat.

Swan Oyster Depot opened on Polk Street in 1903 and has run more or less continuously since, pausing only to rebuild after the 1906 earthquake. It is barely a restaurant - a marble counter with about eighteen stools, no tables, no kitchen to speak of - and has been run by the same family for generations, serving the same short list of cold shellfish.

East Indian Railway mengendalikan terminus Howrah barunya, yang direka oleh Halsey Ricardo, merentasi Sungai Hooghly dari Kolkata, menggantikan bangunan stesen asal 1854. Enam platform Sayap Utaranya dibina untuk menampung trafik yang meningkat mendadak sejak Bengal-Nagpur Railway membuka Calcutta Extension Line ke Howrah pada 1900.

Adriano Telles opened A Brasileira in 1905 to sell Brazilian coffee by the sack, gave cups away to persuade Lisbon to drink it, and ended up with the café that the city's writers colonised. Fernando Pessoa sits in bronze at a table outside it.

Pecahan Sesar San Andreas bermagnitud 7.9 menggegarkan California Utara pada pukul 5:12 pagi waktu tempatan, dan kebakaran yang menyusul marak selama beberapa hari. Lebih 3,000 maut dan lebih 80% bandar itu musnah.

On 28 August 1907 James E. Casey and Claude Ryan began the American Messenger Service in a basement at Second Avenue and Main Street in Seattle with US$100 borrowed from Ryan's uncle, the company that became United Parcel Service.

Wilhelm Maybach dan anaknya Karl mengasaskan Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH di Bissingen an der Enz, kilang enjin kapal udara yang berpindah ke Friedrichshafen pada 1911-12 dan berkembang menjadi MTU, kini jenama enjin diesel mega Rolls-Royce Power Systems yang dipaparkan dalam dokumentari ini.

Victorian Railways menyiapkan bangunan Stesen Flinders Street semasa di Melbourne, menggantikan struktur terdahulu dengan terminus Federation Free Classical yang masih digunakan hari ini. Bangunan itu pada dasarnya siap pada 1909, dengan pembukaan rasmi pada tahun berikutnya.

Putera Albert I dari Monaco merasmikan Muzium Oseanografi, institusi yang diasasnya untuk menempatkan penyelidikan marinnya, selepas sebelas tahun pembinaan di muka tebing di atas Laut Mediterranean. Muzium itu, yang kemudian diketuai oleh Jacques Cousteau, kekal sebagai salah satu pusat oseanografi terkemuka di dunia.

Pada 1 Disember 1913, Ford Motor Company memanjangkan barisan bergeraknya di loji Highland Park untuk memasang casis Model T yang lengkap dari awal hingga akhir, memendekkan masa pembinaan daripada lebih 12 jam kepada kira-kira 93 minit.

Joe's opened on Miami Beach in 1913, before the causeway, and built itself around a shellfish nobody was eating: the stone crab, whose claws regrow, served chilled with mustard sauce. It closes for the summer when the season shuts and takes no reservations, which has not thinned the queue in a century.

Albert Einstein membacakan The Field Equations of Gravitation kepada Prussian Academy of Sciences di Berlin, memberi relativiti am bentuk akhirnya selepas ketidakselarasan dengan pemerhatian menghantarnya kembali ke papan lukisan.

Seorang tukang masak kem melaporkan sakit di Camp Funston, Fort Riley di Kansas, dan dalam beberapa hari ratusan askar diserang influenza. Ia wabak pertama yang direkodkan bagi pandemik yang membunuh lebih ramai orang daripada perang yang dilaluinya - antara 25 dan 50 juta.