Chronopin: próximas fechas de lanzamiento, eventos y otras fechas importantes

The International Military Tribunal read its judgment in Courtroom 600 of the Nuremberg Palace of Justice: nineteen of the twenty-two defendants were convicted, twelve were sentenced to death and three were acquitted. It was the first time the leaders of a state were tried by an international court for waging aggressive war and for crimes against humanity.

Captain Chuck Yeager, drop-launched from a B-29 over the Mojave Desert, took X-1 #46-062 "Glamorous Glennis" to Mach 1.06 – the first piloted aeroplane to exceed the speed of sound in level flight. It was XS-1 flight number 50.

Claude Shannon's paper appears in the Bell System Technical Journal, defining the bit, channel capacity and entropy, and founding information theory. Every modem, codec and error-correcting code since rests on it.

Bar Brahma opened in 1948 at the corner of São João and Ipiranga, the crossing Caetano Veloso later sang about, and became the bar where São Paulo's journalists, politicians and musicians drank in the same room. It closed once, reopened under another name, failed, and came back as Bar Brahma again.

Jack Durant opens his steakhouse on North Central Avenue in Phoenix; three-quarters of a century later its red flocked wallpaper and leather horseshoe booths are still the draw.

Peter Canlis inauguró su restaurante en 1950 en la ladera que domina el lago Union, en un pabellón de vigas y pilares de vidrio y piedra que se convirtió en un emblema del modernismo del noroeste, y que sigue en manos de la familia. Tanto su servicio con kimono como su parrilla de carbón de cobre resultaban insólitos en un comedor estadounidense de la época.

BOAC’s G-ALYP took off from London for Johannesburg with fare-paying passengers, the first scheduled jetliner service in the world. Comet flights were about twice as fast as advanced piston airliners and cut London–Johannesburg to 21 hours 20 minutes.

Nature carries Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid, the paper in which Francis Crick and James Watson describe the double helix. It runs to two pages and settles how genetic instructions are held and passed on.

A unanimous US Supreme Court held that state laws establishing separate public schools for Black and white children violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment - "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal" - partially overruling Plessy v. Ferguson and its separate-but-equal doctrine.

France's SNCF pushed two modified electric locomotives to a then-world rail speed record of 331 km/h (206 mph) on a test track near Facture on March 28-29, 1955. An Infrastructural Game Changer cites the run as the moment fast trains overtook cars and planes.

At Ann Arbor, Thomas Francis Jr announced the results of the largest medical field trial ever run - 1.8 million children - and pronounced Jonas Salk's polio vaccine safe, effective and potent. Church bells rang across the United States; within two years American cases had fallen by almost 90 per cent.

El parque temático de 17 millones de dólares de Walt Disney, construido sobre antiguos naranjales de Anaheim tras una caótica carrera constructiva, abrió para la prensa e invitados con el nombre de Disneyland.

Yang Bing-yi founded Din Tai Fung in Taipei in 1958, first as a cooking-oil retailer and then as a dumpling house when the oil business failed. Its xiaolongbao, pleated to a standard count of folds, turned a single shop on Xinyi Road into a chain across Asia and the United States.

H.J. Heinz opens its Kitt Green factory near Wigan, which grows into the company's largest food processing plant in the world and Europe's biggest.

Harry Barberian opened his steak house on Elm Street in 1959, in a row of Victorian houses behind Yonge Street, and it has outlasted most of what grew up around it - a dark room of oil paintings and charcoal-grilled beef with one of the deepest wine cellars in Canada dug out beneath it.

A magnitude 9.5 megathrust rupture off southern Chile shook for ten minutes — the strongest earthquake ever instrumentally recorded. Its tsunami crossed the Pacific and struck Hilo, Hawaii, with waves 10.7 m high.

In 1961 General Motors installed the Unimate, the world's first industrial robot, at its New Jersey factory to lift and stack hot die-cast metal parts. Industry 4.0 opens its history of factory automation with this machine.

Sam Walton opened Wal-Mart Discount City on Rogers' Highway 71, his first store under the name after a decade running Ben Franklin variety stores. The format was the bet: lower margins on everything, in towns the big chains had written off as too small.

On October 1, 1964, just nine days before the Tokyo Olympics opened, Japan's Tokaido Shinkansen began carrying passengers between Tokyo and Osaka at over 200 km/h.

The Houston Astrodome, the world's first fixed-roof, air-conditioned multipurpose stadium, opened on 9 April 1965 with an exhibition game between the Astros and Yankees — though it's stood closed and searching for a new use since 2008.

Gordon Moore's four-page article in Electronics observes that the number of components per chip has been doubling yearly and projects it forward a decade. The observation becomes Moore's law and the semiconductor industry's roadmap.

Mercedes-Benz's Wörth am Rhein plant, which had assembled only truck cabs since opening in 1963, produced its first complete vehicle, a green LP 608, on 14 July 1965. The plant has since grown into the world's largest truck factory, building models including the Actros.

London's cylindrical BT Tower (originally the GPO Tower) began carrying live microwave telecommunications traffic in 1965, its concrete core partly designed to survive a nuclear blast.

Opel opened its Dudenhofen proving ground near Frankfurt in April 1966, the most modern car test center in Europe at the time. Six decades on, its more than 70 kilometers of track still put prototype technologies like automated driving through secretive testing before they reach the road.

BMW's newly built assembly line at its Berlin-Spandau plant produces its first complete motorcycle, an R 60/2 with a swinging-fork chassis, kicking off the relocation of BMW motorcycle manufacturing from Munich to Berlin.

The US Army shut down Camp Century, its secret nuclear-powered base carved into the Greenland ice sheet to conceal a mobile missile network under Project Iceworm, after the tunnels it depended on began collapsing.

Moshe Safdie's modular housing experiment, conceived as his student thesis, opened to the public as a pavilion of Montreal's 1967 World's Fair.

The Thomas Crown Affair is a 1968 American heist film directed by Norman Jewison and written by Alan R. Starring Steve McQueen, Faye Dunaway, Paul Burke, and Jack Weston, the film follows Vicki Anderson (Dunaway), who is hired to investigate the culprits of a multi-million dollar bank heist orchestrated by Thomas Crown (McQueen).

El primer Jumbo despegó de Paine Field con los pilotos de pruebas Jack Waddell y Brien Wygle a los mandos. A pesar de un pequeño problema en un flap, el vuelo confirmó que el 747 se comportaba muy bien y era prácticamente inmune al balanceo holandés que había afectado a los primeros reactores de ala en flecha.

The Anglo-French supersonic airliner, built by Sud Aviation and the British Aircraft Corporation under a 1962 treaty, flew for the first time from Toulouse. Four Rolls-Royce/Snecma Olympus 593 turbojets drove an ogival delta wing carrying 92 to 128 passengers.

A magnitude 7.9 earthquake off the Peruvian coast shook loose part of Mount Huascaran, and the debris avalanche buried the town of Yungay. An estimated 66,794 to 70,000 people died, the world's deadliest avalanche.

Ted Codd's paper in Communications of the ACM proposes storing data as relations queried by predicate logic, independent of how it is laid out on disk. It is the founding document of the relational database and of SQL.

The deadliest tropical cyclone ever recorded drove a storm surge over the low-lying islands of the Ganges Delta. At least 300,000 died, and the Pakistani government's response helped set off the Bangladesh Liberation War.

The Magic Kingdom and its Florida resort opened to the public near Orlando, realizing Walt Disney's vision for a second, larger theme park.

Alice Waters opened Chez Panisse in 1971 with the film producer Paul Aratow, in a house on Shattuck Avenue, and in doing so more or less founded what came to be called California cuisine: a short menu set by what the farms around the bay had that week rather than by a fixed carte. The block it stands on is now known as the Gourmet Ghetto.

Richard Nixon spent 21 to 28 February 1972 in Beijing, Hangzhou and Shanghai, meeting Mao Zedong on the day he arrived. No sitting US president had set foot in the People's Republic, and the two governments had had no diplomatic relations for 23 years.

At the end of Nixon's visit the two governments published a joint statement setting out, separately, what each believed about Taiwan. Washington said it 'acknowledges that all Chinese on either side of the Taiwan Strait maintain that there is but one China' — the sentence US policy has rested on ever since.

Tumut 3 became Australia's first major pumped-storage hydroelectric plant, eventually reaching 1,800 MW of generating capacity as part of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. Three of its six units, fed by Talbingo Dam, can also pump water back uphill overnight at a combined 600 MW using cheap off-peak power.

Airbus’ first aircraft and the world’s first twin-engine wide-body airliner flew from Toulouse–Blagnac a month ahead of schedule, for one hour and 25 minutes, with Max Fischl as captain and Bernard Ziegler as first officer.

San Francisco's Transamerica Pyramid welcomed its first tenant after overcoming years of public opposition to its unconventional tapered design.

Fischer Black and Myron Scholes give a closed-form price for a European option in the Journal of Political Economy, in the same year the Chicago Board Options Exchange opens. The formula becomes the language of the derivatives market.

Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the Sydney Opera House, capping fourteen years of construction that ran a decade late and far over its original budget.

The Exorcist is a 1973 American supernatural horror film directed by William Friedkin and produced by William Peter Blatty, who adapted his own 1971 novel. The film stars Ellen Burstyn, Max von Sydow, Jason Miller, and Linda Blair, and follows the demonic possession of a young girl and the attempt to rescue her through an exorcism by two Catholic priests.

Japan's National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience completed its hangar-sized Large-Scale Rainfall Simulator in Tsukuba, letting scientists recreate extreme storms on demand to study landslides and flooding.

Gilbert Lau opened Flower Drum on 26 May 1975 in Melbourne's Chinatown and spent the following decades making the case that Cantonese cooking belonged at the top of Australian fine dining rather than in a separate category of it. It has been a fixture of the city's restaurant lists ever since, on Market Lane.

The Mack family opened Europa-Park, a 16-hectare amusement park built around European-themed lands, in the German town of Rust. It has since grown into continental Europe's second-most-visited theme park.

Georges Köhler and César Milstein report in Nature that fusing an antibody-producing cell with a myeloma cell yields a line that secretes a single antibody indefinitely. Monoclonal antibodies become the basis of the modern biologics industry.

Two years after the Arab oil embargo, the Energy Policy and Conservation Act set up a federal emergency oil stockpile and gave the President the power to order it sold when supply is severely interrupted. Ford called the bill imperfect but signed it anyway, to end "the long debate over national energy policy".

A magnitude 7.5 earthquake struck directly beneath Tangshan at 3:42 a.m. local time, and within minutes 85% of the city's buildings were down. The official toll was 242,469 dead; historians accept at least 300,000.

Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman propose public-key cryptography and a way for two parties to agree a secret key over an open channel. It is the idea that later makes e-commerce and secure messaging possible.